参考帖子：https://blog.csdn.net/freedompoi/article/details/122350866

目前想要实现STM32F4自带的DMA双缓冲区，尝试过一版，结果不能预期，就使用了RxHalfCplt和RxCplt去实现DMA双缓冲区的效果。

现在有时间了，又重新实现STM32F4自带的DMA双缓冲区，作为参考。

 

MCU：STM32F429ZIT6

开发环境：STM32CubeMX+MDK5

此时，双击完后会关闭此界面，然后打开一个新界面。

然后，我们开始基本配置。

现在我们选择一个LED作为系统LED，该步骤可以忽略，只是本人喜欢这样子。以硬件原理图的LD3为例子。

基本配置除了时钟树外，基本上已经配置好了。

现在配置时钟树

基本配置已经配置完，现在开始配置实验使用的内容。

配置USART1，打开USART中断。并打开DMA。

配置FreeRTOS

配置完成，完善工程，生成工程。

到此，STM32CubeMX工具的使用结束！可以发现在桌面已经生成了DMA_DoubleBuf工程。

 

使用MDK5打开SDCard_rw工程打开。点击魔法棒，勾选微库。选择对应的下载器，勾选下载完复位允许。

在usart.h文件中，加入内容。

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
  ******************************************************************************
  * @file    usart.h
  * @brief   This file contains all the function prototypes for
  *          the usart.c file
  ******************************************************************************
  * @attention
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2023 STMicroelectronics.
  * All rights reserved.
  *
  * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
  * in the root directory of this software component.
  * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
  *
  ******************************************************************************
  */
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Define to prevent recursive inclusion -------------------------------------*/
#ifndef __USART_H__
#define __USART_H__

#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif

/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"

/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "cmsis_os.h"
#include <semphr.h>
/* USER CODE END Includes */

extern UART_HandleTypeDef huart1;

/* USER CODE BEGIN Private defines */

#define UART_BUFF_SIZE  30

#pragma pack(4)
typedef struct
{
    uint16_t len;
    uint8_t  data[UART_BUFF_SIZE];
}usart_multibuffer_data;
#pragma pack()

/* USER CODE END Private defines */

void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void);

/* USER CODE BEGIN Prototypes */
void UART_DMA_MultiBuffer(void);
/* USER CODE END Prototypes */

#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif

#endif /* __USART_H__ */

在usart.c文件中，加入内容。

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
  ******************************************************************************
  * @file    usart.c
  * @brief   This file provides code for the configuration
  *          of the USART instances.
  ******************************************************************************
  * @attention
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2023 STMicroelectronics.
  * All rights reserved.
  *
  * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
  * in the root directory of this software component.
  * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
  *
  ******************************************************************************
  */
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "usart.h"

/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
QueueHandle_t           queue_mes;
usart_multibuffer_data     uart_buf[2];

//DMA 缓存0 传输结束回调函数
void DMA_M0_RC_Callback(DMA_HandleTypeDef *hdma)
{
    BaseType_t xHigherPriorityTaskWoken;

    uart_buf[0].len = hdma->Instance->NDTR;
    xQueueSendFromISR(queue_mes,&uart_buf[0],&xHigherPriorityTaskWoken);
    portYIELD_FROM_ISR(xHigherPriorityTaskWoken);
}

//DMA 缓存1 传输结束回调函数
void DMA_M1_RC_Callback(DMA_HandleTypeDef *hdma)
{
    BaseType_t xHigherPriorityTaskWoken;

    uart_buf[1].len = hdma->Instance->NDTR;
    xQueueSendFromISR(queue_mes,&uart_buf[1],&xHigherPriorityTaskWoken);
    portYIELD_FROM_ISR(xHigherPriorityTaskWoken);
}

//DMA 传输错误回调函数
void DMA_Error_Callback(DMA_HandleTypeDef *hdma)
{
    //里面做一些异常处理
}
/* USER CODE END 0 */

UART_HandleTypeDef huart1;
DMA_HandleTypeDef hdma_usart1_rx;

/* USART1 init function */

void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void)
{

  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 0 */

  /* USER CODE END USART1_Init 0 */

  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 1 */

  /* USER CODE END USART1_Init 1 */
  huart1.Instance = USART1;
  huart1.Init.BaudRate = 115200;
  huart1.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
  huart1.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;
  huart1.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;
  huart1.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
  huart1.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
  huart1.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;
  if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart1) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 2 */

  /* USER CODE END USART1_Init 2 */

}

void HAL_UART_MspInit(UART_HandleTypeDef* uartHandle)
{

  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
  if(uartHandle->Instance==USART1)
  {
  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_MspInit 0 */

  /* USER CODE END USART1_MspInit 0 */
    /* USART1 clock enable */
    __HAL_RCC_USART1_CLK_ENABLE();

    __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
    /**USART1 GPIO Configuration
    PA9     ------> USART1_TX
    PA10     ------> USART1_RX
    */
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_9|GPIO_PIN_10;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_VERY_HIGH;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = GPIO_AF7_USART1;
    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);

    /* USART1 DMA Init */
    /* USART1_RX Init */
    hdma_usart1_rx.Instance = DMA2_Stream2;
    hdma_usart1_rx.Init.Channel = DMA_CHANNEL_4;
    hdma_usart1_rx.Init.Direction = DMA_PERIPH_TO_MEMORY;
    hdma_usart1_rx.Init.PeriphInc = DMA_PINC_DISABLE;
    hdma_usart1_rx.Init.MemInc = DMA_MINC_ENABLE;
    hdma_usart1_rx.Init.PeriphDataAlignment = DMA_PDATAALIGN_BYTE;
    hdma_usart1_rx.Init.MemDataAlignment = DMA_MDATAALIGN_BYTE;
    hdma_usart1_rx.Init.Mode = DMA_CIRCULAR;
    hdma_usart1_rx.Init.Priority = DMA_PRIORITY_MEDIUM;
    hdma_usart1_rx.Init.FIFOMode = DMA_FIFOMODE_DISABLE;
    hdma_usart1_rx.XferCpltCallback = DMA_M0_RC_Callback;
    hdma_usart1_rx.XferM1CpltCallback = DMA_M1_RC_Callback;
    hdma_usart1_rx.XferErrorCallback = DMA_Error_Callback;
    if (HAL_DMA_Init(&hdma_usart1_rx) != HAL_OK)
    {
      Error_Handler();
    }

    __HAL_LINKDMA(uartHandle,hdmarx,hdma_usart1_rx);

    /* USART1 interrupt Init */
    HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(USART1_IRQn, 5, 0);
    HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(USART1_IRQn);
  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_MspInit 1 */

  /* USER CODE END USART1_MspInit 1 */
  }
}

void HAL_UART_MspDeInit(UART_HandleTypeDef* uartHandle)
{

  if(uartHandle->Instance==USART1)
  {
  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_MspDeInit 0 */

  /* USER CODE END USART1_MspDeInit 0 */
    /* Peripheral clock disable */
    __HAL_RCC_USART1_CLK_DISABLE();

    /**USART1 GPIO Configuration
    PA9     ------> USART1_TX
    PA10     ------> USART1_RX
    */
    HAL_GPIO_DeInit(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_9|GPIO_PIN_10);

    /* USART1 DMA DeInit */
    HAL_DMA_DeInit(uartHandle->hdmarx);

    /* USART1 interrupt Deinit */
    HAL_NVIC_DisableIRQ(USART1_IRQn);
  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_MspDeInit 1 */

  /* USER CODE END USART1_MspDeInit 1 */
  }
}

/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
//使能DMA
void UART_DMA_MultiBuffer(void)
{
    uint32_t u32wk0;

    SET_BIT(huart1.Instance->CR3,USART_CR3_DMAR);
    HAL_DMAEx_MultiBufferStart_IT(&hdma_usart1_rx,
                                  (uint32_t)(&huart1.Instance->DR),
                                  (uint32_t)&uart_buf[0].data[0],
                                  (uint32_t)&uart_buf[1].data[0],
                                   UART_BUFF_SIZE);

    //这里是解决DMA在启动时，如果接收到大量数据会出现死机的问题
    u32wk0 = huart1.Instance->SR;
    u32wk0 = huart1.Instance->DR;
    UNUSED(u32wk0);
}

/* USER CODE END 1 */

在main函数中，加入内容。

/**
  * @brief  The application entry point.
  * @retval int
  */
int main(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */

  /* USER CODE END 1 */

  /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/

  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
  HAL_Init();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */

  /* USER CODE END Init */

  /* Configure the system clock */
  SystemClock_Config();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

  /* USER CODE END SysInit */

  /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  MX_DMA_Init();
  MX_USART1_UART_Init();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
    queue_mes = xQueueCreate(10, sizeof(usart_multibuffer_data));
    UART_DMA_MultiBuffer();
  /* USER CODE END 2 */

  /* Init scheduler */
  osKernelInitialize();  /* Call init function for freertos objects (in freertos.c) */
  MX_FREERTOS_Init();
  /* Start scheduler */
  osKernelStart();

  /* We should never get here as control is now taken by the scheduler */
  /* Infinite loop */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
  while (1)
  {
    /* USER CODE END WHILE */

    /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
  }
  /* USER CODE END 3 */
}
在freertos.c文件中

extern usart_multibuffer_data uart_buf[2];
extern QueueHandle_t queue_mes;
usart_multibuffer_data queue_data;

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header_StartDefaultTask */
/**
  * @brief  Function implementing the defaultTask thread.
  * @param  argument: Not used
  * @retval None
  */
/* USER CODE END Header_StartDefaultTask */
void StartDefaultTask(void *argument)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN StartDefaultTask */
    BaseType_t ret = pdFALSE;
  /* Infinite loop */
  for(;;)
  {
    ret = xQueueReceive(queue_mes,&queue_data,portMAX_DELAY);
    if(ret == pdTRUE)
    {
        HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1,queue_data.data,queue_data.len,100);
    }
  }
  /* USER CODE END StartDefaultTask */
}

实验效果

 

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